Buying an electric forklift is a smart decision for many businesses, offering zero emissions, lower maintenance costs, and quieter operation. However, choosing the right forklift depends on several factors, including load capacity, lifting height, and the environment where it will be used. Learn more about how to select the best forklift for your needs with this electric forklift buying guide, which covers everything from battery types to safety features.
1. Consider Your Work Environment
Before making a forklift purchase, think about where you will use the forklift. Electric forklifts are best for indoor use, making them ideal for warehouses, manufacturing plants, and distribution centres. If you need a forklift for outdoor use or construction sites, you may need a diesel forklift instead, as it offers more stability on uneven surfaces.
For tight aisles or confined spaces, narrow aisle forklifts or reach trucks provide better manoeuvrability. If you regularly load and unload pallets in tight spaces, a counterbalance forklift might be the better choice.
2. Choose the Right Load Capacity
Every forklift truck has a load capacity that determines how much weight it can lift safely. Load capacity ranges vary by model, so check the technical specifications to ensure the forklift can handle your average load weight. If your business deals with heavy loads, invest in a model with a higher carrying capacity.
If you move materials across uneven surfaces or outdoor use is required, consider pneumatic tires for more stability. For smooth warehouse floors, cushion tires work well and help the forklift operate efficiently.
3. Select the Best Power Source
The power source you choose affects the total cost of ownership. Electric trucks run on lithium-ion batteries or lead-acid batteries. Lithium-ion batteries last longer, charge faster, and require less regular maintenance, but they come with a higher upfront cost.
A diesel forklift, on the other hand, provides greater power for heavy-duty applications, such as lifting heavy loads on construction sites. However, diesel engines come with higher operating costs due to fuel expenses and regular maintenance.
4. Check Lifting Height and Mast Type
Different masts allow forklifts to reach different heights. If you need to store materials on high shelving, check the lifting height in the technical specifications. A forklift type with a three-stage mast provides flexibility for indoor and outdoor use, while a two-stage mast is suitable for lower storage areas.
5. Consider Operator Comfort and Safety
The driver’s seat should be comfortable and designed for operator ergonomics, especially if the forklift will be used for long hours. Features like seat adjustments, easy-to-reach controls, and a clear view of the forks improve operator comfort and efficiency.
Look for essential safety features, including:
- An overhead guard to protect the operator
- A rating plate with the forklift’s capacity and limits
- Functional brakes, lights, and warning signals
- Stability controls for working on uneven surfaces
If the forklift will be used for unloading trailers, check that it has the right forklift attachments for added efficiency.
6. Understand the Total Cost of Ownership
The initial investment is just one part of the equation. Consider the total cost of maintaining and operating the forklift over time. New forklift trucks have a longer lifespan and fewer repair costs, while a used forklift may require more regular maintenance.
A forklift manufacturer should provide warranty options and support. If you plan to use aftermarket parts, make sure they don’t void the warranty or reduce the forklift’s overall value.
7. Do a Test Drive Before Buying
Before finalising your forklift purchase, take the forklift for a test drive. Check how well it handles tight spaces, turns in narrow aisles, and lifts loads. Make sure the forklift attachments work properly and that the controls feel responsive.
8. Ensure You Have the Right Forklift License
Operating a forklift legally requires the right training. If you or your staff will be using the forklift, make sure you have the correct forklift license for the forklift type you choose. Some new forklift models require additional training due to advanced features.
Final Thoughts
Choosing the right forklift requires careful planning. Think about your operational needs, load capacity, and work environment before making a decision. Compare models from different forklift manufacturers, review the technical specifications, and consider the total cost of ownership.
An electric forklift can be an environmentally friendly, cost-effective choice for many businesses. With the right equipment, you can improve efficiency, reduce costs, and keep your operations running smoothly.
